Primary care: who employs the doctor
The hospital numbers say nothing about primary care, and there is no published "share of clinics that are publicly owned" anywhere. But there is a usable signal. OECD reports GP remuneration split by worker status — salaried employees and self-employed — and which series a country reports tells you its predominant model. A country that reports only self-employed GP earnings has a primary-care sector of independent contractors who own their own practices, however the money reaches them.
Danish GPs are not state employees working from state-owned premises. They are private practitioners who own their practices, paid by a mix of fee-for-service and capitation out of public funds. The arrangement dates to nineteenth-century craft-guild and citizens' sickness funds; when the counties took over health insurance in 1973, "the general structure and payment systems were maintained. The GPs were still private practitioners." Copenhagen was the historical exception, where GPs were salaried.
Finland is the true contrast: the 1972 Primary Health Care Act obliged municipalities to provide general health care, and primary-care staff are "employed directly by the municipalities on a fixed salary basis." Public financing does not imply public employment, and neither implies public premises.
| # | Country | Primary-care model | Salaried GP pay | Self-employed GP pay | Public hospital beds |
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It resolves the biggest blind spot in the hospital-only index — but it is about employment, not premises. Whether a salaried Finnish GP works from a municipally owned health centre (usually yes) or a Danish contractor rents private consulting rooms (usually yes) is documented in the country literature rather than in any dataset. Nobody publishes the share of clinic buildings in public hands, and this site does not claim to.